The relationship between weather conditions and winter rapeseed overwintering was studied based on meteorological data and field observations from the Experimental Station for Cultivar Testing (COBORU) in Bezek near Chelm in the period of 1974/75-2008/09. Coefficients of correlation and determination were determined and tested for significance by using the Pearson's and the Fisher-Snedecor’s tests, respectively. It was found that poor overwintering was strongly associated with extremely low air and soil temperature, particularly in December. Adverse thermal conditions contributed to re-sowing rape in spring due to damaged plantation in a few growing seasons (including 1978/1979, 1995/1996, 2002/2003). Rapeseed overwintering was the best described by the number of days with soil temperature ≤ –3°C at a depth of 5 cm during the calendar winter (from December to February). In addition, the most favourable conditions for the best overwintering were during the moderately cold and snowy winters and getting worse with decrease of the depth of snow cover. Furthermore, better overwintering during mild winters (higher than normal air temperature) with thinner snow cover was also noted. It proves the existence of a non-linear relation between the thermal conditions and snowiness with reference to overwintering rates in the Central Eastern Lublin Region.